What is Identity Provider (IdP)? 

An identity provider (IdP) is a service that manages and verifies user identity. It’s used by other applications, systems, and other digital services as part of an identity authentication workflow, such as single sign-on (SSO) providers.

IdPs typically work by verifying user identities and providing authentication services and further user information in the form of assertions or claims, to use for authorization and other functions, to relying parties or service providers.

What can we use Identity Provider (IdP) for? 

IdPs are used to verify users and provide Single Sign On (SSO) across federated domains. They’re a component that enables a seamless way for users to connect to the resources they need while maintaining security. An IdP is a Security Token Service (STS) behaving as the provider of identity verification and data in a federation by generating and sending security tokens. IdPs make it easy and efficient to manage access based on standard federated access protocols like SAML and OIDC.